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Linux File Structure Part 1

  • Command Line
  • Linux
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I started from a mostly windows background. So i’ve made this chart to help myself and other understand and find certain files. This chart contains the top level file structure that most linux distro use. In windows the main files are usually located in the C: in linux all the your files are located in the root directory or “/” within / are the folder listed below.

In windows all the os files are located inside the “windows” folder created by the OS automatically. Within the windows folder all the data the OS needs is subdivided into its own folder like important Binaries and system binaries will be in the system32 folder. In linux that are at the top level in fact if a normal user access their root they will most likely be in /home/”user”/ folder. This folder is similar to Windows C:/users folder. When your attaching a HDD after boot you will usually need to mount it for its filesystem to show up in the /mnt/ folder. I’ll go into this more in a later article but this chart will help you find files in Linux.

FolderNamePurpose
/bin/Important BinariesVital programs (ls, ping, grep)
/boot/Boot DataKernel files
/dev/Device FileDrivers for hardware
/etc/System ConfigurationFiles for OS
/home/User DirectoriesDirectories for all users
/lib/Important Data LibrariesFiles for use by /bin/ apps
/media/Removable MediaCD, USB, DVD
/mnt/Mounted Mediasda1 , sda2
/opt/Downloaded Appsgoogle/chromium
/sbin/System Binariesessential programs fdisk, ifconfig
/srv/Service DataData for the OS like scripts
/tmp/Temporary FileTemp files that are usually clear every reboot
/usr/User AppsData for applications for users
/proc/Process DataFolder for the OS to process programs that are running
Sam MJanuary 17, 2019

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Aloha Software Overview → ← Common Linux Commands Part 1

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This information is not complete and I do not recommend making any business or financial decisions based on it. I’m am not responsible for any damage you do to your systems. If you need any help please contact me here.

Sam Mark

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